A
How do young children learn to have good values? How can parents teach their children about the importance of kindness and patience? At a time more and more parents worry about the violent images (暴力形象) their children see on TV and on the Internet. So many parents are turning to fairy tales. They want to teach their children how to behave in society by this way.
It is believed that fairy tales have a great influence on children because they describe the two sides of good and evil (邪恶) very clearly. When children hear the tales, they learn to care about others’ feelings. In each tale, they can see that there are many different kinds of people in the world and that we all have a choice about what kind of person we want to be. We can choose to do good actions, rather than bad ones, in our lives.
What kind of values can children learn from fairy tales? In The Princess and the Pea, a poorly dressed girl says she is a princess. Few people believe her, so she is given a difficult test. When she passes the test, we learn that her dream comes true because she stays true to herself. In the Little Mermaid (《小美人鱼》), the mermaid, who lives under the sea, wishes to be with the humans on land. Through her experiences, we learn about the importance of living with and accepting other cultures.
Teaching values is probably the main reason for encouraging children to read fairy tales. These tales can teach children lessons about human relationships that have been accepted around the world for many centuries. This might be the reason why they have been around for so long and will not disappear any time soon.
1. Why do fairy tales have a great influence on children?
A. Because fairy tales can teach them how to make a choice.
B. Because fairy tales can help them get higher scores at school.
C. Because they can learn how to avoid most difficulties in their lives.
D. Because good and evil are shown in a way they can easily understand.
2. Mermaid may be helpful when children ________.
A. are given a difficult test B. make friends with foreigners
C. wish to be a princess or prince D. are going to lie to their parents
3. The author writes the text mainly to ________.
A. introduce some fairy tales
B. talk about the history of fairy tales
C. discuss how to improve human relationships
D. show how fairy tales help children shape values
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了童话故事对孩子们有重要的影响，它们可以帮助塑造孩子的价值观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is believed that fairy tales have a great influence on children because they describe the two sides of good and evil (邪恶) very clearly.”可知，童话故事对孩子有很大的影响是因为它们清楚地描述了善和恶，也就是说童话故事能够以一种容易理解的方式体现善和恶，故D项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Through her experiences, we learn about the importance of living with and accepting other cultures.”可知，通过美人鱼的经历，我们能够了解到与其他文化共存和接受其他文化的重要性，由此可知，《美人鱼》会在孩子们与外国人交朋友方面有所帮助，故B项正确。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开篇就提到了如何让孩子们拥有良好的价值观，紧接着说孩子们通过读童话故事学习价值观，再结合最后一段中的“Teaching values is probably the main reason for encouraging children to read fairy tales. These tales can teach children lessons about human relationships”可知，教给孩子们价值观可能是鼓励孩子们读童话故事的主要原因，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示童话故事是如何塑造孩子们的价值观的，故D项正确。
【点睛】主旨大意题的难度较大，抓住文章主题是关键，例如本篇第3题，文章开篇就提到了如何让孩子学会拥有良好的价值观，下文介绍了很多家长让孩子们通过读童话故事来学习价值观，最后又说教给孩子们价值观可能是鼓励孩子读童话故事的主要原因，全文都是围绕童话故事和价值观展开的，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示童话故事是如何塑造孩子们的价值观的。
