A
Dr Almeida left school at 16 with little formal education but got a job as a laboratory technician in histopathology ( 组织病理学 ) at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Later she moved to London to further her career and in 1954 married Enriques Almeida, an artist.
The couple and their young daughter moved to Toronto in Canada and it was at the Ontario Cancer Institute that Dr Almeida developed her outstanding skills with an electron microscope.
She pioneered a method which better visualized ( 成像 ) viruses by using antibodies to gather them. Her talents were recognized in the UK and she was invited to work at St Thomas’s Hospital Medical School in London.
On her return, she began to cooperate with Dr David Tyrrell. Dr Tyrrell and his team were able to grow quite a few common cold-associated viruses. One sample, known as B814, was discovered in 1960. They found that they were able to transmit ( 传染 ) common cold symptoms to volunteers but they were unable to grow it in routine cell culture ( 细胞培养 ). However, volunteer studies showed its growth in organ cultures ( 器官培养 ). Dr Tyrrell wondered if it
could be seen by an electron microscope. They sent samples to Almeida who found that they were like flu viruses but not exactly the same. She identified what became known as the first human coronavirus ( 冠状病毒 ).
Dr Almeida had actually seen particles ( 微粒 ) like this before while investigating viruses in mice and chickens. However, when she sent her paper about this discovery to a medical journal, it was rejected. It was two years later that the first photographs of the virus she had seen were published in Journal of General Virology. It was named coronavirus because of the crown surrounding it on the viral image.
21. Why did Dr Almeida return to work in the UK ?
A. Because her family did not like Toronto.
B. Because the UK appreciated her talents.
C. Because she bettered an electron microscope.
D. Because she was the first one to visualize viruses.
22. What can we know about B814?
A. It could be grown in routine cell culture.
B. It was unable to develop in organ cultures.
C. It’s exactly the same with influenza viruses.
D. It was identified as the first human coronavirus.
23. What can we connect with the name “coronavirus”?
A. Its viral image.
B. Its deadly power.
C. It original sample.
D. Its first appearance.
