Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·广西柳州市高三上学期摸底考试)Dr Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was celebrated as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, died on Dec. 25, 2018.
When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take a second algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know “what lady would take mathematics instead of Latin”. In college, a professor admitted that he often tried to prevent women from majoring in physics but Nancy stuck to it. And after receiving Doctor's degree in astronomy, she found a professional home at NASA (美国宇航局). In 1959, Dr Roman became the first chief of astronomy at NASA headquarters, a role that made her one of the agency's first female leaders.
Dr Roman spent much of her career helping develop, fund and promote technology that would help scientists see more clearly beyond Earth's atmosphere. But her most wellknown work was perhaps leading to design the Hubble Space Telescope, the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “the mother of Hubble”.
“She made it possible to get the early telescope up into space to learn what needed to be learned，” said science historian Bob Zimmerman, “and her hardnosed nature helped get the telescope built.”
The telescope did not launch until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. “I am glad，” she once told Science, “I ignored the people who told me that I could not be an astronomer.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国天文学家Nancy Roman传奇的一生。 文章旨在告诉我们坚持自己的梦想，你一定会成为你想成为的那个人！
1．What can we conclude from the teacher's reaction to Nancy Roman's application for taking a second algebra course?
A．The teacher doubted it.
B．The teacher didn't care about it.
C．The teacher accepted it at once.
D．The teacher was strongly against it.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，在中学时当Nancy Roman请求批准再参加代数课程时，一位老师要求知道“哪个女士会选择数学而不是拉丁语？”可推知老师持怀疑的态度，故选A。
2．What was the most famous achievement of Nancy Roman's work?
A．She was one of the founders of NASA.
B．She proved the black hole really existed.
C．She was the first female astronomer in the world.
D．She led to design the Hubble Space Telescope.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“但是她最著名的工作也许是带领设计哈勃空间望远镜，这是第一个被送入太空的大型望远镜，目的是从宇宙中收集照片和数据。”可知选D。
3．When did Dr Nancy Roman probably retire?
A．In 1969. B．In 1979.
C．In 1990. D．In 2000.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The telescope did not launch until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr Roman retired”(这种望远镜直到1990年才发射升空，在 Roman博士退休后的十多年)可推知选B。
4．What can we learn from Dr Nancy Roman's words in the last paragraph?
A．She was very proud of what she had done for the country.
B．She thought highly of the people who hadn't believed her.
C．She was delighted to have become an astronomer in spite of the prejudice on her.
D．She had hardnosed nature and never cared about other people's opinions.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I ignored the people who told me that I could not be an astronomer.”(我不在乎那些告诉我我不能成为天文学家的人。)可推知选C。
【词汇积累】 ①launch n. (产品的)上市；(事件的)发起 ②hard－nosed adj. 顽强的；不屈不挠的 ③thrill vt. 使非常兴奋；使非常激动
【长难句分析】 In 1959, Dr Roman became the first chief of astronomy at NASA headquarters, a role that made her one of the agency's first female leaders.
1959年，罗曼博士成为美国国家航空航天局(NASA)总部的首位天文学部门主管，这一职位使她成为该机构首批女性领导人之一。
分析：这是一个简单句，a role that made her one of the agency's first female leaders作the first chief of astronomy at NASA headquarters的同位语，其中that后引导一个定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a role。
