Ⅰ.阅读理解
French surgeons have performed the world's first partial face transplant (移植)—giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.
Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38yearold woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a braindead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.
“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal，” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.
The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. “Such injuries are extremely difficult, if not impossible to repair using normal surgical techniques，” the statement said.
The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.
The operation was led by JeanMichel Dubernard，a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants.
Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity (敏感性) to foreign tissue.
Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality.
There was a shortterm risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a mediumterm danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a longterm possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.
Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant has thrown up moral (道德的) and ethical (伦理的) issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了法国外科医生为一名女士做面部移植手术的事情。
1．The best title for the passage would be “ ”．
A．A woman has first partial face transplant
B．First face transplant opens debate
C．Risks and ethical problems of a face transplant
D．A complete face transplant of a French woman
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章首段以及全篇内容可知，文章主要介绍了法国外科医生为一名女士做面部移植手术的事情。故选A。
2．Why did the woman need such an operation?
A．Her face had been bitten by a dog.
B．Her face had been burnt in a fire.
C．She was born especially ugly.
D．She wanted to test such an operation.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“...giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.”以及第四段中的“The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly.”可知这位女士需要手术的原因是她的脸被狗咬了。故选A。
3．What can we learn about the operation?
A．The woman had used the dead woman's whole face.
B．It has arisen (引起) a debate about the operation.
C．The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.
D．Such transplants had been performed by doctors.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant has thrown up moral (道德的) and ethical (伦理的) issues.”可知人们对于这种手术有争议。故选B。
4．Which of the following is NOT one of the risks of the operation?
A．The blockage of blood vessels.
B．Organ rejection.
C．Heart damage.
D．Side effects of the drugs.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“There was a shortterm risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a mediumterm danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a longterm possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.”可知选C。
