A
A woman is swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in terror, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws. This film was a great hit, but it made things worse.
Jaws made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark. Some stopped swimming in the sea, afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Others started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed. People just wanted them killed.
After 1975,the number of large sharks fell quickly around the world.This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning, a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. Unexpectedly, finning would have a powerful effect upon Peter Benchley, who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.
One day in 1980,Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.He saw fishermen finning and sharks being killed,which caused a deep change in him.From then on, he saw people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other way round.Also,he admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behavior."Sharks don't target(以…为目标）humans,"he said.Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.
Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
1. The film Jaws led to
A. an end of shark fishing
B. a rise in shark population
C. the popularity of shark movies
D. people's scare about sharks
2. How did the sight of finning affect Peter Benchley?
A. It woke him up to his false idea of sharks.
B. It inspired him to do research about sharks.
C. It drove him to learn how to protect sharks.
D. It encouraged him not to be afraid of sharks.
3. What is the best title for the text?
A. Sharks:Dangerous or Endangered
B. Jaws:the Hottest Shark Movie Ever
C. Shark Attacks:Not a Problem Anymore
D. Humans:the Favourite Target of Sharks
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章描述因为人类对鲨鱼
误解导致鲨鱼被大量捕杀接近灭亡。不过现在人类已经采取措施保护鲨鱼。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Jaws made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark（《大白鲨》使人们害怕鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨）可知，因为看了Jaws所以很多人对鲨鱼产生误解而害怕鲨鱼。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段From then on, he saw people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. Also, he admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behavior（从那时起，他就把人看成是鲨鱼的威胁，而不是鲨鱼威胁到人。同时，他承认他的书中关于鲨鱼行为的描述是错误的）可知，Peter Benchley发现他对鲨鱼有误解。故选A项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据对文章的整体分析可知，作者在文章第一和二段通过借助电影Jaws的细节描述，让人误解鲨鱼很恐怖。接着在第三段根据作者提到After 1975,the number of large sharks fell quickly around the world（1975年以后，世界各地的大型鲨鱼数量迅速减少）可知，鲨鱼受到了大量的捕杀。再根据文章最后一段Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction（今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解的越来越多，想要保护它们免遭灭绝的人比以往任何时候都多）可知，因为大量的捕杀导致鲨鱼接近灭绝，现在人类也开始意识到了这一点，开始采取措施保护鲨鱼。所以短文的最佳标题“鲨鱼：危险的或濒危的”。故选A项。
