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Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou for their work. It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this celebrated prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at four other pioneering female scientists — past and present — who had a genuine claim to the prize.

Lene Hau

Hau is best­known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau's year?

Chien­Shiung Wu

Chien­Shiung Wu's “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity” , a fundamental particle physics law. Her experimental work was instrumental but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.

Jocelyn Bell Burnell

Perhaps the most famous absent treatment: then student Jocelyn Bell Burnell discovered the first radio pulsars (Âö³åÐÇ) in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel Prize that recognised this great discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish. The award is considered one of the most unfair in the history of the Nobel Prize, so even some people called it “The No Bell Nobel”. Recently awarded a ¡ê2.3­million Breakthrough Prize, she joked:  “I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”

Lise Meitner

Physicist Lise Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission (ºËÁѱä), the splitting of an atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei (Ô­×ÓºË). However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co­lead, Otto Hahn.

21£®Who is always predicted to win the Nobel Prize?

A£®Lene Hau. 

B£®Chien­Shiung Wu.

C£®Jocelyn Bell Burnell. 

D£®Lise Meitner.

22£®In which year was the Nobel Prize called “The No Bell Nobel”£¿

A£®1944.         B£®1957.

C£®1967.         D£®1974.

23£®What is the text mainly about?

A£®Some unfair Nobel prizes.

B£®Some women who missed the Nobel Prize.

C£®The first woman who won the Nobel Prize.

D£®Some great women physicists in history.