第一节(共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
A
In any given week, about four dozen kids visit Dr. David Abramson’s preschool-like clinic at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. And while most of them are barely old enough to speak, because of Dr. Abramson and the groundbreaking medical procedure he has created for a rare and potentially deadly eye cancer called retinoblastoma, they can see.
In the past, if the cancer didn’t respond well to then-available treatments, survival required removing the cancerous eye. The parents, however, will often choose to let their children die with their eyes intact rather than live without them.
“This was a transformational change in our field，” says Dr. Abramson, who began using the technique in 2006． “Overnight, we went from taking out children’s eyes to not taking out children’s eyes. ”
But there’s an aspect of the technique that Dr. Abramson doesn’t talk about much, even though it is as inspirational as the technique itself. He refused to patent it. Pursuing a patent, he feared, would have meant the technique would be kept secret for a long period of time while the paperwork was approved by the U．S. Trademark and Patent Office(USPTO). In the meantime, untold numbers of children would have suffered and perhaps died.
Patent experts wouldn’t make a guess on exactly how much money Dr. Abramson left on the Table by not patenting his procedure. But the purpose of a medical procedure patent is that it allows a doctor to profit by teaching others to perform the procedure.
“I want people to know that when I do something, it’s from my scientific heart, not because I have any financial benefit，” he says. “And ultimately, our goal is to help children. Our driving force in this is not to make money. ”
( )1． What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Eyes. B．Parents.
C．Children. D．Treatments.
( )2． Why didn’t Dr. Abramson get the technique patented?
A．He feared that the technique might be kept secret forever.
B．He didn’t like the idea of teaching others about the technique.
C．The application process meant many sufferings and even deaths.
D．The application process would require too much money and time.
( )3． What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
A．To introduce an eye cancer.
B．To give credit to Dr. Abramson.
C．To recommend an evolutionary cure.
D．To show the difficulty of a patent application.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。Dr. David Abramson首创的眼科动脉化疗技术能够使儿童减少眼部癌症带来的痛苦甚至死亡，但是他拒绝将该技术申请发明专利来盈利。
1．A 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句 “The parents, however, will often choose to let their children die with their eyes intact rather than live without them. ”可知，然而，父母通常会选择让他们的孩子带着完整的眼睛死去，而不是没有它们活下去。由此可知，划线词them指代的是眼睛。故选A项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中 “Pursuing a patent, he feared, would have meant the technique would be kept secret for a long period of time while the paperwork was approved by the U．S. Trademark and Patent Office(USPTO)．In the meantime, untold numbers of children would have suffered and perhaps died. ”可知，他担心，申请专利将意味着该技术将在美国商标和专利局批准文书工作期间长期保密。在此期间，无数的儿童将遭受痛苦甚至死亡。由此可知，Dr. David Abramson拒绝申请专利的原因是申请专利过程意味着许多儿童将遭受痛苦甚至死亡。故选C项。
3．B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章先是介绍了Dr. David Abramson首创的眼科动脉化疗技术，但第四段的But是一个信号词，从第四段开始，作者讲述Dr. David Abramson不申请专利，他选择放弃利润。作者引用他的话：“我希望人们知道，当我做某件事时，是出于科学考虑，而不是因为任何的经济利益。我们的最终目标是帮助儿童，不是为了赚钱。”由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了赞扬Dr. David Abramson。故选B项。
