1. (本小题满分12分)
已知常数a > 0, n为正整数，f n ( x ) = x n – ( x + a)n ( x > 0 )是关于x的函数.
(1) 判定函数f n ( x )的单调性，并证明你的结论.
(2) 对任意n ³ a , 证明f `n + 1 ( n + 1 ) < ( n + 1 )fn`(n)
解: (1) fn `( x ) = nx n – 1 – n ( x + a)n – 1 = n [x n – 1 – ( x + a)n – 1 ] ,
∵a > 0 , x > 0, ∴ fn `( x ) < 0 , ∴ f n ( x )在（0，+∞）单调递减. 4分
（2）由上知：当x > a>0时, fn ( x ) = xn – ( x + a)n是关于x的减函数,
∴ 当n ³ a时, 有：(n + 1 )n– ( n + 1 + a)n £ n n – ( n + a)n. 2分
又 ∴f `n + 1 (x ) = ( n + 1 ) [xn –( x+ a )n ] ,
∴f `n + 1 ( n + 1 ) = ( n + 1 ) [(n + 1 )n –( n + 1 + a )n ] < ( n + 1 )[ nn – ( n + a)n] = ( n + 1 )[ nn – ( n + a )( n + a)n – 1 ] 2分
( n + 1 )fn`(n) = ( n + 1 )n[n n – 1 – ( n + a)n – 1 ] = ( n + 1 )[n n – n( n + a)n – 1 ], 2分
∵( n + a ) > n ,
