(1)简单介词：in , on, at , under, to, of, by, for, against, about , up, down ,over, across, before, after, between, among, around, behind, below, by, beside, except/ but除...外, during , from, near, round, since, , with等。
(2)合成介词：inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短语介词：according to, along with, apart from除…外, in addition to 除…外, except for…除…外because of,in front of, in spite of, owing to, instead of等
(4)分词介词：given鉴于...，considering考虑到, including包括, following在...之后,
